What is the difference between residue and filtrate in filtration?

Correct answer: Residue stays on filter filtrate passes below

Direct answer: A, residue stays on the filter and filtrate passes through below. Filtration separates an insoluble solid from a fluid by using a porous filter. The filter has tiny openings: the fluid and dissolved substances that can pass through collect below as the filtrate. The insoluble solid particles that are too large to pass through remain on the filter paper as the residue. Thus option A correctly identifies both terms and their positions. Option B is wrong because residue is not always a gas; in the usual school example of sand and water, it is a solid. Option C is wrong because filtrate is generally a liquid in ordinary filtration, not always a solid. Option D is wrong because the two words name different parts obtained after filtration. For example, filtering muddy water leaves mud as residue and gives clearer water as filtrate. Memory cue: residue remains; filtrate has filtered through.