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An extra uncut band in restriction digestion can indicate what?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: partial digestion

The direct answer is option A: an extra uncut band can indicate partial digestion. In restriction digestion, an enzyme should cut DNA at its specific recognition sites. If the reaction is incomplete, some DNA molecules are cut while others remain uncut. Gel electrophoresis then shows both the expected digestion fragments and a band representing uncut DNA, so an extra band may suggest partial digestion. Option A is correct, although an uncut band can have other technical explanations, such as unsuitable enzyme conditions or resistant DNA forms. Option B is wrong because complete digestion should not normally leave an uncut band of the original material. Option C is wrong because an uncut band does not prove cloning, much less perfect cloning. Option D is wrong because a visible DNA band means DNA is present. Exam cue: cut bands plus an original-looking uncut band often means incomplete digestion.

Related tags

Uncut BandPartial DigestionDna

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