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Which enzyme seals nicks between DNA fragments?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: DNA ligase

Direct answer: C, DNA ligase. A nick is a small break in one strand of the DNA sugar-phosphate backbone where neighboring nucleotides are not covalently connected, even though the bases may be paired. DNA ligase recognizes the properly aligned DNA ends and catalyzes formation of the missing phosphodiester bond, thereby sealing the nick. This occurs when Okazaki fragments are joined during replication and when an insert is joined to a vector during cloning. Option C is correct. Option A, DNA helicase, unwinds the double helix by separating base pairs; it does not seal nicks. Option B, a restriction enzyme, cuts DNA at particular recognition sequences and generally creates the break rather than repairing it. Option D, RNA polymerase, makes RNA from a DNA template and does not join DNA fragments. A helpful sequence is: helicase opens, polymerase synthesizes, restriction enzyme cuts, and ligase seals. Memory cue: ligase is the DNA repair and joining enzyme.

Related tags

Nick SealingDna FragmentsDna Ligase

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