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Why is ligase considered essential in recombinant DNA technology?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Because it permanently joins vector and insert

The direct answer is option A: ligase joins the vector and insert to form a stable recombinant DNA molecule. A vector is a DNA carrier, and an insert is the desired DNA fragment, such as a gene. In cloning, compatible ends of these two pieces are aligned first. DNA ligase then forms phosphodiester bonds in the backbone, so the fragments become covalently connected and stable under suitable reaction conditions. “Permanently” here means stable covalent joining, not that the molecule can never be cut by any later enzyme. Option A is correct. Option B is wrong because running a gel is done by electrophoresis equipment and an electric field. Option C is wrong because random cutting is not ligase activity; nucleases cut DNA. Option D is wrong because ligase does not create a host cell; the host is an existing living cell used to receive the vector. Exam cue: vector plus insert plus ligase gives recombinant DNA.

Related tags

Recombinant DnaEssential EnzymeLigase

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