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In which process does DNA ligase perform nick sealing?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: DNA repair

DNA ligase is an enzyme that joins DNA strands by forming the missing phosphodiester bond in the sugar-phosphate backbone. A nick is a small break in one strand where the bases may still be paired correctly but the backbone is not continuous. During DNA repair, ligase seals such nicks after another repair enzyme has removed damaged material and a polymerase has filled the gap. Therefore, option A, DNA repair, is correct. This sealing restores continuity and helps preserve the stability of the genome.

Ligase is also useful in biotechnology because it joins compatible DNA fragments during recombinant-DNA construction. However, the question asks specifically about nick sealing, and DNA repair is the relevant biological process. Fat digestion uses digestive enzymes, photosynthesis uses light-driven reactions, and water evaporation is a physical change without DNA ligase. Thus, the supplied explanation and answer correctly connect ligase with repair of breaks in the DNA backbone.

Related tags

Dna RepairNick SealingDna Ligase

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