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What must be joined to form a recombinant plasmid in cloning?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Plasmid vector and insert DNA

The direct answer is option A: a plasmid vector and insert DNA must be joined to form a recombinant plasmid. A plasmid is a small circular DNA molecule that can carry an inserted gene. The insert is the desired DNA fragment. Restriction enzymes can open the vector and prepare compatible ends, and DNA ligase joins the vector backbone to the insert by forming phosphodiester bonds. The resulting DNA molecule contains DNA from two sources and is therefore called recombinant DNA. Option A is correct because both the vector and insert are essential parts. Option B is wrong because water and fat are not DNA components in plasmid construction. Option C is wrong because chlorophyll and soil do not form a recombinant plasmid. Option D is wrong because proteins and starch are different biological materials, not the DNA pieces joined in cloning. The ligase is the joining tool, not a replacement for either DNA part. Memory cue: recombinant plasmid equals vector plus insert, sealed by ligase.

Related tags

Recombinant PlasmidVectorInsert Dna

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