What is the correct difference between restriction enzyme and DNA ligase?

Correct answer: Restriction enzyme cuts and ligase joins

Direct answer: C, the restriction enzyme cuts DNA and ligase joins DNA. Restriction enzymes act like precise molecular scissors. They recognize particular DNA sequences and cleave the phosphodiester backbone, producing sticky or blunt ends. DNA ligase acts like molecular glue: it joins DNA ends by forming phosphodiester bonds in the backbone, usually after compatible ends have aligned. Option C is correct because it states both roles in the correct order. Option A reverses the functions, so it is wrong. Option B is wrong because these enzymes do not merely make proteins; they act on DNA, and protein synthesis is performed by a different cellular system. Option D is wrong because neither enzyme produces light. In cloning, a restriction enzyme opens the vector and cuts the insert, while ligase seals the desired recombinant DNA molecule. Memory cue: restriction enzyme cuts; ligase links.