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What type of enzyme is EcoRI?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Restriction endonuclease

The direct answer is A, restriction endonuclease. EcoRI is an enzyme obtained from Escherichia coli. It recognises a particular short DNA sequence, called its recognition site, and cuts DNA at a defined position within or near that site. Because it cuts within a DNA molecule, it is called an endonuclease. Its specific cutting action is useful in recombinant-DNA technology for removing or inserting DNA fragments. Option A is correct because EcoRI is a famous restriction endonuclease. Option B, DNA ligase, does the opposite job: it joins DNA fragments by forming bonds in the sugar-phosphate backbone. Option C, amylase, digests starch and is not a DNA-cutting enzyme. Option D, lipase, digests fats, not DNA. A useful memory cue is ‘restriction cuts, ligase links’: restriction enzymes cut at recognised sequences, while ligase joins compatible DNA ends.

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EcoriRestriction-EnzymeEasy

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