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Which situation increases the chance of recombinant vector formation?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Vector and insert with compatible ends are mixed with ligase

The direct answer is option A: mixing a vector and insert with compatible ends and ligase increases recombinant-vector formation. First, a restriction enzyme cuts the vector and the desired DNA insert to produce compatible ends, often complementary sticky ends. These ends can temporarily pair through base pairing. DNA ligase then seals the sugar-phosphate backbone and forms a stable recombinant DNA molecule. Thus, the vector now carries an inserted DNA fragment. Option A is correct because both physical compatibility and ligase activity support joining. Option B is wrong because a vector without an insert is usually non-recombinant, although it may still be a valid empty vector. Option C is wrong because without ligase, compatible ends may pair temporarily but the backbone is not efficiently sealed. Option D is wrong because burning destroys DNA rather than promoting controlled joining. The result still depends on correct concentrations, orientation, enzyme conditions, and later screening; mixing alone does not prove that every molecule is recombinant. Memory cue: compatible ends align, ligase seals, and screening confirms.

Related tags

Recombinant VectorCompatible EndsDna Ligase

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