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Crystallization is what type of process?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: A process to purify product in crystal form

The direct answer is A, purifying a product in crystal form. Crystallization is a downstream processing method in which a dissolved substance forms ordered solid crystals under suitable conditions, such as cooling, evaporation or changing solvent composition. Step by step: the product is present in a solution; conditions are adjusted so the product becomes less soluble; nuclei form; more product molecules arrange into crystals; the crystals are separated from the remaining liquid and may be washed or dried. This can improve purity because many unwanted substances remain in the mother liquor, although the exact effectiveness depends on the substance and process. Option A is correct because crystallization can recover and purify a product as crystals. Option B, converting the medium into gas, describes neither the purpose nor the principle of crystallization. Option C, breaking the fermenter, is equipment damage, not downstream processing. Option D, naming microbes, is identification, not product purification. Memory cue: crystallization means ‘dissolved product becomes clean solid crystals’; do not confuse it with fermentation, which produces the material.

Related tags

CrystallizationPurificationDownstream

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