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A white solid salt \(X\) dissolves in water to form an aqueous solution that is basic. When \(X\) reacts with excess dilute acid, it produces \(\text{CO}_2\) gas. Which solid \(X\) is most likely?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Sodium carbonate \(\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3\)

A basic aqueous solution indicates that the salt is a basic salt, typically formed from a strong base and a weak acid (like \(\text{H}_2\text{CO}_3\)). Carbonates \(\text{CO}_3^{2-}\) react with acids to form \(\text{CO}_2\). For \(\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3\):
\[\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 + 2\text{HCl} \rightarrow 2\text{NaCl} + \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{CO}_2\uparrow\]
This releases \(\text{CO}_2\) and \(\text{CO}_3^{2-}\) makes the solution basic, so \(X\) is most likely \(\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3\).

Related tags

AcidsBases And SaltsBasic SaltCarbonatesAcid ReactionCo2 Gas

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