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During electrolysis of acidified water, 15 mL of oxygen is collected at the anode. A student says that 15 mL of hydrogen will also be produced at the cathode because water contains both H and O. What is the correct correction to the student's statement?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 30 mL of hydrogen will be produced at the cathode because, in \(2H_2O \rightarrow 2H_2 + O_2\), the volume ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is \(2:1\) at the same temperature and pressure.

The balanced equation for electrolysis of water is \(2H_2O \rightarrow 2H_2 + O_2\). At the same temperature and pressure, gas volumes are proportional to their moles, so \(H_2:O_2 = 2:1\). Therefore, 15 mL of \(O_2\) at the anode corresponds to 30 mL of \(H_2\) at the cathode. Option B notes that water contains both elements but does not give the correct volume ratio.

Related tags

Electrolysis Of WaterChemical ReactionsBalanced EquationsGas Volume RatioDecomposition ReactionClass 10 Science

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