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Why is the volume of hydrogen collected at the cathode approximately twice the volume of oxygen collected at the anode during electrolysis of water?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Each water molecule contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom; therefore, hydrogen and oxygen are produced in a 2:1 mole ratio.

The balanced electrolysis equation is \(2H_2O(l) \rightarrow 2H_2(g) + O_2(g)\). Thus, 2 moles of water produce 2 moles of hydrogen and 1 mole of oxygen. At the same temperature and pressure, gas volume is proportional to the number of moles, so the volume ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is \(2:1\). Option B is incorrect because, at the same temperature and pressure, gas volume depends on the number of moles, not on molecular mass.

Related tags

ScienceClass 10Electrolysis Of WaterChemical EquationsStoichiometryGas Volume

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