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Why are detergents effective even in hard water?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: They do not form insoluble scum with calcium and magnesium ions.

Hard water contains calcium and magnesium ions. Soap reacts with these ions to form insoluble scum, reducing lather and cleaning action. Detergents generally do not form such insoluble scum with calcium and magnesium ions, so they remain effective in hard water.

Related tags

ScienceClass 10Carbon CompoundsDetergentsHard WaterSoap Scum

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