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Why can sodium hydroxide become impure when kept in open air?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: It absorbs moisture and can form sodium carbonate with carbon dioxide

Sodium hydroxide is deliquescent, so it absorbs moisture from air. It also reacts with atmospheric carbon dioxide to form sodium carbonate: 2NaOH + CO2 → Na2CO3 + H2O. Absorbed water changes the sample’s concentration, while carbonate formation changes its composition; both effects reduce purity. Therefore option A is correct. The other options describe chemically impossible transformations under ordinary storage conditions.

Related tags

Sodium HydroxideCarbon DioxideDeliquescenceAcidsBasesAnd SaltsAcids Bases And SaltsChemical Substances – Nature And BehaviourChemical Substances Nature And BehaviourScience

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