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How does washing soda help in softening hard water?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: By precipitating calcium and magnesium ions

The governing concept is the removal of hardness-causing ions. Hard water contains dissolved calcium and magnesium salts. Washing soda, sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), reacts with these ions and forms insoluble carbonates such as calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate. These precipitates can be separated, leaving softer water. Therefore, option A is correct; the other options do not describe the chemical process of softening.

Related tags

Washing SodaHard WaterWater SofteningAcidsBasesAnd SaltsAcids Bases And SaltsChemical Substances – Nature And BehaviourChemical Substances Nature And BehaviourScience

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