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If dilute acid is added to an unknown solid and the evolved gas turns lime water milky, which ion is likely present in the solid?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Carbonate ion

Limewater turns milky when carbon dioxide is passed through it, because insoluble calcium carbonate forms: CO2 + Ca(OH)2 → CaCO3 + H2O. Dilute acids react with carbonate ions to release carbon dioxide, for example CO3^2− + 2H+ → CO2 + H2O. Therefore carbonate is the likely ion; chloride and nitrate do not normally give this gas test.

Related tags

Carbonate TestLimewaterCarbon DioxideAcidsBasesAnd SaltsAcids Bases And SaltsChemical Substances – Nature And BehaviourChemical Substances Nature And BehaviourScience

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