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What are the two main reasons for sodium hydroxide becoming wet and less pure in open air?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Absorbing moisture and reacting with carbon dioxide

Sodium hydroxide is deliquescent, so it absorbs water vapour from air and becomes wet. It also reacts with atmospheric carbon dioxide to form sodium carbonate: 2NaOH + CO2 → Na2CO3 + H2O. Water absorption changes its physical condition, while carbonate formation lowers chemical purity. Therefore option A gives both reasons; the other choices describe no relevant atmospheric process.

Related tags

Sodium HydroxideDeliquescenceCarbon DioxideAcidsBasesAnd SaltsAcids Bases And SaltsChemical Substances – Nature And BehaviourChemical Substances Nature And BehaviourScience

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