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If the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution increases ten times, what happens to the pH?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: pH decreases by one unit

The governing concept is the logarithmic definition of pH: pH = −log₁₀[H⁺]. If the hydrogen-ion concentration changes from [H⁺] to 10[H⁺], the new value is −log₁₀(10[H⁺]) = −1 − log₁₀[H⁺], so the pH falls by exactly one unit. Acidity therefore increases. Option A is correct; a tenfold concentration change does not produce a ten-unit or positive pH change.

Related tags

PhHydrogen Ion ConcentrationLogarithmic ScaleAcidsBasesAnd SaltsAcids Bases And SaltsChemical Substances – Nature And BehaviourChemical Substances Nature And BehaviourScience

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