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An unknown solid reacts with acid to give a gas that turns limewater milky. Which ion may be present in the solid?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Carbonate ion

The key qualitative test is that carbon dioxide turns limewater milky by forming insoluble calcium carbonate: CO₂ + Ca(OH)₂ → CaCO₃ + H₂O. An acid reacts with a carbonate ion to release carbon dioxide, for example CO₃²⁻ + 2H⁺ → CO₂ + H₂O. Therefore the unknown solid may contain carbonate ions. Chloride and sulphate do not normally produce this gas in the stated test, and hydroxide neutralises acid without releasing CO₂, so option C is correct.

Related tags

Carbonate IonAcid ReactionLimewater TestCarbon DioxideAcidsBasesAnd SaltsAcids Bases And SaltsChemical Substances – Nature And BehaviourChemical Substances Nature And Behaviour

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