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Qutbuddin Aibak was Muhammad Ghori's general and later strengthened power in Delhi. Remember the link between Ghori and Aibak for exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. कुतुबुद्दीन ऐबक / Qutbuddin Aibak. Qutbuddin Aibak was Muhammad Ghori's general and later strengthened power in Delhi. Remember the link between Ghori and Aibak for exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
कुतुबुद्दीन ऐबक मुहम्मद गौरी का सेनापति था और बाद में दिल्ली में सत्ता मजबूत की। परीक्षा में गौरी और ऐबक का संबंध याद रखें।
Iltutmish followed a cautious policy against the Mongols. His diplomacy was important for the Sultanate's security.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. मंगोल खतरा / Mongol threat. Iltutmish followed a cautious policy against the Mongols. His diplomacy was important for the Sultanate's security.
Step 3
Exam Tip
इल्तुतमिश ने मंगोलों के विरुद्ध सावधानीपूर्ण नीति अपनाई। सल्तनत की सुरक्षा में उसकी कूटनीति महत्वपूर्ण थी।
C. तुर्क अमीरों का विरोध/Opposition of Turkish nobles
Step 1
Concept
Razia faced opposition from Turkish nobles. The nobles played a very influential role in Sultanate politics.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. तुर्क अमीरों का विरोध / Opposition of Turkish nobles. Razia faced opposition from Turkish nobles. The nobles played a very influential role in Sultanate politics.
Step 3
Exam Tip
रजिया को तुर्क अमीरों के विरोध का सामना करना पड़ा। सल्तनत राजनीति में अमीरों की भूमिका बहुत प्रभावशाली थी।
Jalaluddin Khalji founded the Khalji dynasty. Remembering the first ruler of each dynasty is useful.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. खिलजी वंश / Khalji dynasty. Jalaluddin Khalji founded the Khalji dynasty. Remembering the first ruler of each dynasty is useful.
Step 3
Exam Tip
जलालुद्दीन खिलजी ने खिलजी वंश की स्थापना की। वंश के प्रथम शासक को अलग से याद रखना उपयोगी है।
The Mongol threat was serious during Alauddin Khalji's reign. Frontier security remained important in his military policy.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. मंगोलों / Mongols. The Mongol threat was serious during Alauddin Khalji's reign. Frontier security remained important in his military policy.
Step 3
Exam Tip
अलाउद्दीन खिलजी के समय मंगोल आक्रमणों का खतरा गंभीर था। उसकी सैन्य नीति में सीमांत सुरक्षा महत्वपूर्ण रही।
Siri city is associated with Alauddin Khalji. Remember medieval cities of Delhi with their rulers.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. अलाउद्दीन खिलजी / Alauddin Khalji. Siri city is associated with Alauddin Khalji. Remember medieval cities of Delhi with their rulers.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सीरी नगर अलाउद्दीन खिलजी से जुड़ा माना जाता है। दिल्ली के मध्यकालीन नगरों को शासकों के साथ याद करें।
Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq founded the Tughlaq dynasty. The sequence of Delhi Sultanate dynasties is important in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. तुगलक वंश / Tughlaq dynasty. Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq founded the Tughlaq dynasty. The sequence of Delhi Sultanate dynasties is important in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
गयासुद्दीन तुगलक ने तुगलक वंश की स्थापना की। दिल्ली सल्तनत के वंशों का क्रम परीक्षा में महत्वपूर्ण है।
Firoz Shah Tughlaq brought Ashokan pillars to Delhi. This fact is linked with preservation of ancient monuments.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. अशोक / Ashoka. Firoz Shah Tughlaq brought Ashokan pillars to Delhi. This fact is linked with preservation of ancient monuments.
Step 3
Exam Tip
फिरोज शाह तुगलक ने अशोक के स्तंभों को दिल्ली में स्थापित कराया। यह प्राचीन स्मारकों के संरक्षण से जुड़ा तथ्य है।
C. सार्वजनिक नैतिकता और बाजार निगरानी/Public morals and market supervision
Step 1
Concept
The muhtasib was an officer linked with market and moral supervision. Remember administrative posts with their functions.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. सार्वजनिक नैतिकता और बाजार निगरानी / Public morals and market supervision. The muhtasib was an officer linked with market and moral supervision. Remember administrative posts with their functions.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मुहतसिब बाजार और नैतिक आचरण की निगरानी से जुड़ा अधिकारी था। प्रशासनिक पदों को उनके कार्यों के साथ याद करें।
Amir-i-Koh was related to agricultural expansion and cultivation reform. Study it with Tughlaq period agricultural policy.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. कृषि विस्तार / Agricultural expansion. Amir-i-Koh was related to agricultural expansion and cultivation reform. Study it with Tughlaq period agricultural policy.
Step 3
Exam Tip
अमीर-ए-कोह कृषि विस्तार और खेती सुधार से जुड़ा पद था। इसे तुगलककालीन कृषि नीति से जोड़कर पढ़ें।
Sher Shah built sarais along roads which helped travellers and the postal system. This is a good example of administrative reform.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. सराय / Sarais. Sher Shah built sarais along roads which helped travellers and the postal system. This is a good example of administrative reform.
Step 3
Exam Tip
शेरशाह ने सड़कों पर सराय बनवाईं जिससे यात्रियों और डाक व्यवस्था को सुविधा मिली। यह प्रशासनिक सुधार का अच्छा उदाहरण है।
Patta recorded the farmer's land and payable revenue. Remember revenue terms with their meanings.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. भूमि का लिखित विवरण / Written record of land. Patta recorded the farmer's land and payable revenue. Remember revenue terms with their meanings.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पट्टा में किसान की भूमि और देय राजस्व का विवरण लिखा जाता था। राजस्व शब्दावली को अर्थ सहित याद करें।
B. वैवाहिक और राजनीतिक समझौते/Marriage and political alliances
Step 1
Concept
Akbar formed marriage and political alliances with Rajputs. This was an important part of his imperial policy.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. वैवाहिक और राजनीतिक समझौते / Marriage and political alliances. Akbar formed marriage and political alliances with Rajputs. This was an important part of his imperial policy.
Step 3
Exam Tip
अकबर ने राजपूतों से वैवाहिक और राजनीतिक संबंध बनाए। यह उसकी साम्राज्य विस्तार नीति का महत्वपूर्ण पक्ष था।
Faizi was a scholar and poet in Akbar's court. Remember the Navratnas with their fields of work.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. साहित्य और कविता / Literature and poetry. Faizi was a scholar and poet in Akbar's court. Remember the Navratnas with their fields of work.
Step 3
Exam Tip
फैजी अकबर के दरबार के विद्वान और कवि थे। नवरत्नों को उनके कार्यक्षेत्र के साथ याद करें।
Raja Man Singh was a major Rajput commander of Akbar. Rajput cooperation was important in Akbar's administration.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. सैन्य सेनापति / Military commander. Raja Man Singh was a major Rajput commander of Akbar. Rajput cooperation was important in Akbar's administration.
Step 3
Exam Tip
राजा मान सिंह अकबर के प्रमुख राजपूत सेनापति थे। अकबर के प्रशासन में राजपूत सहयोग महत्वपूर्ण था।
The Ilahi era was a new calendar experiment introduced by Akbar. Link it with Akbar's administrative and ideological policies.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. मुगल नौसेना / Mughal navy. The Ilahi era was a new calendar experiment introduced by Akbar. Link it with Akbar's administrative and ideological policies.
Step 3
Exam Tip
इलाही संवत अकबर द्वारा चलाया गया नया कालगणना प्रयोग था। इसे अकबर की प्रशासनिक और वैचारिक नीतियों से जोड़ें।
Nur Jahan's father Ghiyas Beg received the title Itmad-ud-Daulah. Remember Mughal titles with persons.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. एतमाद-उद-दौला / Itmad-ud-Daulah. Nur Jahan's father Ghiyas Beg received the title Itmad-ud-Daulah. Remember Mughal titles with persons.
Step 3
Exam Tip
नूरजहां के पिता गियास बेग को एतमाद-उद-दौला की उपाधि मिली थी। मुगल उपाधियों और व्यक्तियों को साथ याद करें।
Aurangzeb won the struggle among Shah Jahan's sons. The Mughal war of succession is an important topic of medieval history.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. औरंगजेब / Aurangzeb. Aurangzeb won the struggle among Shah Jahan's sons. The Mughal war of succession is an important topic of medieval history.
Step 3
Exam Tip
शाहजहां के पुत्रों के संघर्ष में औरंगजेब विजयी हुआ। मुगल उत्तराधिकार युद्ध मध्यकालीन इतिहास का महत्वपूर्ण विषय है।
Dara Shikoh was associated with the Persian translation of the Upanishads. He is known for religious and cultural dialogue.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. उपनिषद / Upanishads. Dara Shikoh was associated with the Persian translation of the Upanishads. He is known for religious and cultural dialogue.
Step 3
Exam Tip
दारा शिकोह ने उपनिषदों के फारसी अनुवाद से जुड़ा कार्य किया। वह धार्मिक और सांस्कृतिक संवाद के लिए प्रसिद्ध है।
During Aurangzeb's reign the Mughal Empire reached its greatest territorial extent. But long wars also weakened the empire.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. सबसे विस्तृत / Most extensive. During Aurangzeb's reign the Mughal Empire reached its greatest territorial extent. But long wars also weakened the empire.
Step 3
Exam Tip
औरंगजेब के समय मुगल साम्राज्य अपने सबसे बड़े क्षेत्रीय विस्तार पर पहुंचा। लेकिन लंबे युद्धों ने साम्राज्य को कमजोर भी किया।
A subahdar was the chief officer of a province or suba. In Mughal administration remember suba and subahdar together.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. प्रांत का शासन संभालना / Governing a province. A subahdar was the chief officer of a province or suba. In Mughal administration remember suba and subahdar together.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सूबेदार प्रांत या सूबे का प्रमुख अधिकारी होता था। मुगल प्रशासन में सूबा और सूबेदार को साथ याद करें।
The qanungo was an officer linked with local revenue records and information. Remember revenue posts with their functions.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. स्थानीय राजस्व अभिलेख / Local revenue records. The qanungo was an officer linked with local revenue records and information. Remember revenue posts with their functions.
Step 3
Exam Tip
कनुंगो स्थानीय राजस्व अभिलेखों और जानकारी से जुड़ा अधिकारी था। राजस्व पदों को कार्य सहित याद करें।
D. कानून व्यवस्था और सैन्य नियंत्रण/Law and order and military control
Step 1
Concept
The faujdar looked after law and order and military control at the local level. Study administrative posts with their work.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. कानून व्यवस्था और सैन्य नियंत्रण / Law and order and military control. The faujdar looked after law and order and military control at the local level. Study administrative posts with their work.
Step 3
Exam Tip
फौजदार स्थानीय स्तर पर कानून व्यवस्था और सैन्य नियंत्रण देखता था। प्रशासनिक पदों को उनके काम के साथ पढ़ें।
Krishnadevaraya is regarded as the most famous ruler of Vijayanagara. During his reign the empire advanced in power and culture.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. कृष्णदेव राय / Krishnadevaraya. Krishnadevaraya is regarded as the most famous ruler of Vijayanagara. During his reign the empire advanced in power and culture.
Step 3
Exam Tip
कृष्णदेव राय विजयनगर का सबसे प्रसिद्ध शासक माना जाता है। उसके काल में साम्राज्य शक्ति और संस्कृति दोनों में उन्नत हुआ।
B. विजयनगर और बहमनी राज्य/Vijayanagara and Bahmani Kingdom
Step 1
Concept
Raichur Doab was a disputed region between Vijayanagara and the Bahmani Kingdom. It was important in Deccan politics.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. विजयनगर और बहमनी राज्य / Vijayanagara and Bahmani Kingdom. Raichur Doab was a disputed region between Vijayanagara and the Bahmani Kingdom. It was important in Deccan politics.
Step 3
Exam Tip
रायचूर दोआब विजयनगर और बहमनी राज्यों के बीच विवाद का क्षेत्र था। दक्कन की राजनीति में इसका महत्व था।
C. यह भारी विनाश का शिकार हुई/It suffered heavy destruction
Step 1
Concept
After the Battle of Talikota Hampi suffered heavy destruction. It was a symbolic turning point in Vijayanagara's decline.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. यह भारी विनाश का शिकार हुई / It suffered heavy destruction. After the Battle of Talikota Hampi suffered heavy destruction. It was a symbolic turning point in Vijayanagara's decline.
Step 3
Exam Tip
तालीकोटा के युद्ध के बाद हम्पी को भारी विनाश झेलना पड़ा। यह विजयनगर के पतन का प्रतीकात्मक मोड़ था।
The Bahmani Kingdom emerged in the Deccan after separating from the Delhi Sultanate. It was a major medieval Deccan state.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. दिल्ली सल्तनत / Delhi Sultanate. The Bahmani Kingdom emerged in the Deccan after separating from the Delhi Sultanate. It was a major medieval Deccan state.
Step 3
Exam Tip
बहमनी राज्य का उदय दक्कन में दिल्ली सल्तनत से अलग होकर हुआ। यह मध्यकालीन दक्कन का प्रमुख राज्य था।
The Nizam Shahi dynasty was a Deccan sultanate of Ahmadnagar. Remember Deccan sultanates with names and regions.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. दक्कन / Deccan. The Nizam Shahi dynasty was a Deccan sultanate of Ahmadnagar. Remember Deccan sultanates with names and regions.
Step 3
Exam Tip
निजामशाही अहमदनगर की दक्कनी सल्तनत थी। दक्कन सल्तनतों को नाम और क्षेत्र के साथ याद करें।
The stone chariot at Hampi is a famous example of Vijayanagara architecture. Remember South Indian monuments with locations.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. हम्पी / Hampi. The stone chariot at Hampi is a famous example of Vijayanagara architecture. Remember South Indian monuments with locations.
Step 3
Exam Tip
हम्पी का पत्थर रथ विजयनगर स्थापत्य का प्रसिद्ध उदाहरण है। दक्षिण भारतीय स्मारकों को स्थान के साथ याद करें।
Malik Ambar effectively used guerrilla warfare in the Deccan. This challenged the Mughals for a long time.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. गुरिल्ला युद्ध / Guerrilla warfare. Malik Ambar effectively used guerrilla warfare in the Deccan. This challenged the Mughals for a long time.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मलिक अम्बर ने दक्कन में गुरिल्ला पद्धति का प्रभावी उपयोग किया। इससे मुगलों को लंबे समय तक चुनौती मिली।
In the Ashta Pradhan the Nyayadhish was related to justice. Remember Maratha administrative posts with functions.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. न्यायाधीश / Nyayadhish. In the Ashta Pradhan the Nyayadhish was related to justice. Remember Maratha administrative posts with functions.
Step 3
Exam Tip
अष्टप्रधान में न्यायाधीश न्याय व्यवस्था से संबंधित पद था। मराठा प्रशासन के पदों को कार्य के साथ याद करें।
Kanhoji Angre is regarded as a famous officer associated with Maratha naval power. The navy also mattered in Maratha strength.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. कान्होजी आंग्रे / Kanhoji Angre. Kanhoji Angre is regarded as a famous officer associated with Maratha naval power. The navy also mattered in Maratha strength.
Step 3
Exam Tip
कान्होजी आंग्रे मराठा समुद्री शक्ति से जुड़े प्रसिद्ध अधिकारी माने जाते हैं। मराठा शक्ति में नौसेना का भी महत्व था।
Guru Arjan's martyrdom took place during Jahangir's reign. The link between Sikh history and Mughal rulers is important in exams.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. जहांगीर / Jahangir. Guru Arjan's martyrdom took place during Jahangir's reign. The link between Sikh history and Mughal rulers is important in exams.
Step 3
Exam Tip
गुरु अर्जन की शहादत जहांगीर के समय हुई। सिख इतिहास और मुगल शासकों का संबंध परीक्षा में महत्वपूर्ण है।
After Guru Gobind Singh the Guru Granth Sahib was accepted as the Guru. This is a very important fact in Sikh tradition.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. गुरु ग्रंथ साहिब / Guru Granth Sahib. After Guru Gobind Singh the Guru Granth Sahib was accepted as the Guru. This is a very important fact in Sikh tradition.
Step 3
Exam Tip
गुरु गोबिंद सिंह के बाद गुरु ग्रंथ साहिब को गुरु माना गया। सिख परंपरा में यह अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण तथ्य है।
B. समानता और सामूहिक भोजन/Equality and community meal
Step 1
Concept
The langar tradition shows equality and service. Understanding the social message of religious movements is necessary.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. समानता और सामूहिक भोजन / Equality and community meal. The langar tradition shows equality and service. Understanding the social message of religious movements is necessary.
Step 3
Exam Tip
लंगर परंपरा समानता और सेवा की भावना को दिखाती है। धार्मिक आंदोलनों के सामाजिक संदेश को समझना जरूरी है।
Kabir emphasized nirguna devotion and social equality. His sayings criticize outward ritualism.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. निर्गुण भक्ति / Nirguna devotion. Kabir emphasized nirguna devotion and social equality. His sayings criticize outward ritualism.
Step 3
Exam Tip
कबीर ने निर्गुण भक्ति और सामाजिक समानता पर जोर दिया। उनकी वाणी बाहरी आडंबरों की आलोचना करती है।
Vallabhacharya was associated with the Pushti Marg tradition of Krishna devotion. Remember Bhakti saints with their traditions.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. कृष्ण भक्ति / Krishna devotion. Vallabhacharya was associated with the Pushti Marg tradition of Krishna devotion. Remember Bhakti saints with their traditions.
Step 3
Exam Tip
वल्लभाचार्य कृष्ण भक्ति की पुष्टि मार्ग परंपरा से जुड़े थे। भक्ति संतों को उनकी परंपरा के साथ याद करें।
D. संगीतमय आध्यात्मिक सभा/Musical spiritual gathering
Step 1
Concept
Sama was linked with Sufi spiritual music and gathering. Remember the cultural side of Sufi tradition.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. संगीतमय आध्यात्मिक सभा / Musical spiritual gathering. Sama was linked with Sufi spiritual music and gathering. Remember the cultural side of Sufi tradition.
Step 3
Exam Tip
समा सूफी आध्यात्मिक संगीत और सभा से जुड़ा था। सूफी परंपरा के सांस्कृतिक पक्ष को याद रखें।
A. भारतीय समाज और ज्ञान परंपराएं/Indian society and knowledge traditions
Step 1
Concept
In Kitab-ul-Hind Al-Biruni studied Indian society and knowledge traditions. Travellers' accounts are sources of history.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. भारतीय समाज और ज्ञान परंपराएं / Indian society and knowledge traditions. In Kitab-ul-Hind Al-Biruni studied Indian society and knowledge traditions. Travellers' accounts are sources of history.
Step 3
Exam Tip
किताब-उल-हिंद में अलबरूनी ने भारतीय समाज और ज्ञान परंपराओं का अध्ययन किया। यात्रियों के विवरण इतिहास के स्रोत हैं।
Marco Polo is associated with travel to South India. Remember regional accounts of foreign travellers.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. दक्षिण भारत / South India. Marco Polo is associated with travel to South India. Remember regional accounts of foreign travellers.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मार्को पोलो दक्षिण भारत की यात्रा से जुड़ा माना जाता है। विदेशी यात्रियों के क्षेत्रीय विवरणों को याद रखें।
Sikandar Lodi introduced Gaz-i-Sikandari for land measurement. Remember measurement and tax terms in administrative reforms.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. गज-ए-सिकंदरी / Gaz-i-Sikandari. Sikandar Lodi introduced Gaz-i-Sikandari for land measurement. Remember measurement and tax terms in administrative reforms.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सिकंदर लोदी ने भूमि मापन के लिए गज-ए-सिकंदरी का प्रयोग कराया। प्रशासनिक सुधारों में माप और कर से जुड़े शब्द याद रखें।
The Vijay Stambha was built by Rana Kumbha. Remember Rajput monuments with their builder and location.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. राणा कुंभा / Rana Kumbha. The Vijay Stambha was built by Rana Kumbha. Remember Rajput monuments with their builder and location.
Step 3
Exam Tip
विजय स्तंभ राणा कुंभा ने बनवाया था। राजपूत स्मारकों को उनके निर्माता और स्थान के साथ याद करें।
Jaunpur was called Shiraz-i-Hind because of its learning and culture. Remember nicknames of regional cultural centres.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. शिराज-ए-हिंद / Shiraz-i-Hind. Jaunpur was called Shiraz-i-Hind because of its learning and culture. Remember nicknames of regional cultural centres.
Step 3
Exam Tip
जौनपुर को शिक्षा और संस्कृति के कारण शिराज-ए-हिंद कहा गया। क्षेत्रीय सांस्कृतिक केंद्रों के उपनाम याद रखें।
