Hugging trees in Chipko Movement was what type of strategy?

Correct answer: Non-violent environmental resistance

The direct answer is A: non-violent environmental resistance. In the Chipko Movement, villagers hugged or held on to trees so that contractors could not cut them easily. The action was a form of peaceful collective protest for protecting forests and local livelihoods. The reasoning is: trees were threatened; villagers physically stood with them; they avoided a violent attack; their public action demanded conservation and made authorities notice the issue. Option A is correct because the strategy used peaceful participation to resist destructive tree felling. Option B, military attack, involves armed force and does not describe Chipko. Option C, princely integration, concerns the political merger of princely states, not forests. Option D, debt recovery, concerns collecting money owed and is unrelated. Gaura Devi is remembered in connection with the Reni episode. Memory cue: Chipko means “embrace,” so embrace trees through peaceful protection.