01 Which leader gave the call Do or Die?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation: Gandhi gave the call Do or Die during Quit India Movement. Exam tip: remember slogans with leaders.
General Knowledge
Indian Freedom Movement
भारतीय स्वतंत्रता आंदोलन
In Class 10 General Knowledge, under the Indian History chapter, this topic introduces the Indian Freedom Movement and its role in ending British colonial rule. Students learn about the growth of national consciousness, major phases of the struggle, important leaders, public participation, and the significance of independence in shaping modern India.
Practice questions
02 At which place were the famous trials of Indian National Army soldiers held?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. Red Fort
Explanation: The British held the famous 1945–46 trials of INA officers—Shah Nawaz Khan, Prem Kumar Sehgal and Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon—at the Red Fort in Delhi. These trials generated widespread public support for the freedom movement. Cellular Jail is known for the imprisonment of freedom fighters, not for the INA trials. Exam tip: remember INA trials with the Red Fort, Delhi.
03 The slogan Delhi Chalo was associated with what?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Indian National Army
Explanation: The slogan “Delhi Chalo” expressed the aim of moving toward Delhi to end colonial rule. It was strongly associated with Subhas Chandra Bose and the Indian National Army, also called the Azad Hind Fauj. The slogan encouraged soldiers and supporters to continue the struggle with courage and determination. It was not connected with the Swadeshi, Khilafat, or Simon Commission movements, which had different leaders, periods, and methods.
Therefore, option A is correct because the Indian National Army used this slogan as a powerful call during its campaign against British rule. The words were more than a travel instruction: they represented the political goal of reaching the centre of colonial power and establishing Indian freedom. The other choices refer to separate movements and do not match this slogan.
04 The slogan Jai Hind is popularly associated with which freedom fighter?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Subhas Chandra Bose
Explanation: Jai Hind is popularly linked with Subhas Chandra Bose and INA. Exam tip: remember correct matching of slogans.
05 Ram Prasad Bismil was associated with which revolutionary incident?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. Kakori incident
Explanation: Ram Prasad Bismil was a major revolutionary linked with Kakori incident. Exam tip: remember leaders of revolutionary events.
06 What type of organisation was the Hindustan Republican Association?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. Revolutionary organisation
Explanation: Hindustan Republican Association was a revolutionary organisation. Exam tip: remember HRA with Kakori incident.
07 Saunders' killing was considered revenge for the death of which leader?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Lala Lajpat Rai
Explanation: Saunders' killing was linked with revenge for Lala Lajpat Rai's death. Exam tip: remember causes of revolutionary events.
08 Where did Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt throw bombs?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. Central Legislative Assembly
Explanation: They threw bombs in the Central Legislative Assembly and courted arrest. Exam tip: remember event and place together.
09 Who led the Interim Government of 1946?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation: Jawaharlal Nehru led the Interim Government. Exam tip: connect it with the transfer of power process.
10 Who was the key associate of Sardar Patel in the integration of princely states?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. V P Menon
Explanation: The direct answer is C: V. P. Menon. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel led the political effort to integrate the princely states, while V. P. Menon was his important administrative and constitutional associate in carrying out this work. Step by step: after independence, many princely states had to be brought into the Indian Union; Patel provided decisive leadership; Menon assisted with negotiations, documents, and implementation; therefore C is correct. Option A, A. O. Hume, was associated with the formation of the Indian National Congress and lived in an earlier period, so he was not Patel’s integration associate. Option B, Lord Curzon, was a British viceroy and not the required collaborator. Option C is correct. Option D, Ramsay MacDonald, was a British political figure, not the key associate in integrating Indian princely states. Memory cue: Patel led the integration; V. P. Menon helped make it administratively possible.
11 What was the name of the action related to Hyderabad's integration into India?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. Operation Polo
Explanation: The action linked with Hyderabad's integration was Operation Polo. Exam tip: remember events of princely state integration.
12 Who became the first President of India?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. Dr Rajendra Prasad
Explanation: Dr Rajendra Prasad became the first President of India. Exam tip: remember the President with the date of Constitution enforcement.
13 C Rajagopalachari is especially remembered for which position?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Last Governor-General
Explanation: C Rajagopalachari was the last Governor-General of India. Exam tip: remember last Viceroy and last Governor-General separately.
14 Who wrote the song Sare Jahan Se Achha?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Muhammad Iqbal
Explanation: Sare Jahan Se Achha is a famous work of Muhammad Iqbal. Exam tip: remember authors of patriotic songs.
15 In which year was the first session of the Indian National Congress held?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. 1885
Explanation: The first Congress session was held in 1885 at Bombay. Exam tip is to link 1885 with the beginning of Congress.
16 The early leaders of Congress are generally known by which name?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Moderates
Explanation: Early Congress leaders were called Moderates. Exam tip is to link them with petitions and constitutional methods.
17 Extremist leader Bal Gangadhar Tilak was associated with which state?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. Maharashtra
Explanation: Bal Gangadhar Tilak was a major nationalist leader from Maharashtra. Exam tip is to remember him as Bal in Lal Bal Pal.
18 The Swadeshi Movement emphasized the use of what type of goods?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Indigenous goods
Explanation: The Swadeshi Movement was based on using indigenous goods and boycotting foreign goods. Exam tip is to remember Swadeshi as indigenous.
19 Annie Besant was prominently associated with which movement?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Home Rule Movement
Explanation: The direct answer is B: Annie Besant was prominently associated with the Home Rule Movement. Home Rule meant self-government for India within the British Empire at that time. Besant helped organise and lead the movement, established the Home Rule League in 1916, and spread the demand through speeches and writing. Option B is correct because it directly identifies her major political association in India. Option A, the Indigo Revolt, was a nineteenth-century peasant movement against indigo cultivation and is not identified with Besant. Option C, the Kakori incident, was a revolutionary train action of 1925 associated with Hindustan Republican Association members, not Besant. Option D, the Quit India Movement, began in 1942, after Besant’s death in 1933, so she could not have been a participant in it. Exam cue: Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak are strongly linked with Home Rule and the demand for self-government.
20 Who is called the political guru of Mahatma Gandhi?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Explanation: Gopal Krishna Gokhale is called Gandhi's political guru. Exam tip is to remember Gokhale as a moderate leader.
21 What name did Indians also use for the Rowlatt Act?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Black Act
Explanation: The Rowlatt Act was called a Black Act because it allowed arrest without trial. Exam tip is to link it with 1919.
22 On which date did the Jallianwala Bagh massacre occur?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. 13 April 1919
Explanation: The direct answer is A, 13 April 1919. The Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place at Amritsar in Punjab on the day of the Baisakhi gathering. General Reginald Dyer ordered troops to fire on the unarmed crowd, making the event a major turning point in the freedom movement. Option A is correct because it gives the historically accepted date. Option B, 26 January 1930, is associated with the observance of Independence Day or Poorna Swaraj, not this massacre. Option C, 9 August 1942, is linked with the Quit India Movement and the call to leave India, not Jallianwala Bagh. Option D, 15 August 1947, is the date India became independent. Learn the pair: Jallianwala Bagh—Amritsar—13 April 1919.
23 Which poet returned his knighthood after Jallianwala Bagh?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Rabindranath Tagore
Explanation: Rabindranath Tagore returned his knighthood in protest against Jallianwala Bagh. Exam tip is to link it with moral protest.
24 What was boycotted during the Non-Cooperation Movement?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Government schools and courts
Explanation: Colonial institutions were boycotted during the Non-Cooperation Movement. Exam tip is to treat it as a nonviolent mass movement.
25 The spinning wheel became a symbol of what in the Non-Cooperation Movement?
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Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Self-reliance
Explanation: The spinning wheel, or charkha, represented self-reliance during the freedom movement. It encouraged Indians to spin and wear Khadi instead of depending on cloth made in British-controlled mills. In this way, the charkha stood for economic independence, dignity of labour, and rejection of foreign goods. Therefore, the correct answer is option A, self-reliance. It was not a symbol of military rule, foreign trade, or a railway tax.
The clue is the connection between the charkha, Khadi, and Swadeshi. Producing cloth at home helped people depend more on their own work and reduced support for imported British cloth. This practical action also became a peaceful form of national protest. Although the charkha can be linked with several wider ideas, self-reliance is the direct choice offered here. Thus option A matches the historical meaning, and the supplied answer is correct.