Important Revolts and Movements

The Lahore Conspiracy Case was linked with Bhagat Singh and his associates. Connect it with actions after the Assembly Bomb Case.

Sarojini Naidu's role in the Dharasana Satyagraha was notable. Study it as an extension of the Salt Satyagraha.

The direct answer is C: Surat. Bardoli Satyagraha was a major peasant movement in Bardoli taluka of Surat district in Gujarat in 1928. Step by step: the colonial government increased land revenue; peasants considered the demand unjust and refused payment; Vallabhbhai Patel organised and led the movement; disciplined non-payment and public support pressured the government to investigate and reduce the assessment. Option C is correct because Bardoli belonged to Surat district. Option A, Kheda, is associated with the 1918 Kheda Satyagraha, not Bardoli. Option B, Ahmednagar, was not the district specifically identified with this movement. Option D, Champaran, is associated with Gandhi’s 1917 indigo cultivators’ movement in Bihar. Memory cue: Bardoli—1928—Surat—Vallabhbhai Patel; Kheda and Champaran are separate movements.

Alluri Sitarama Raju opposed forest laws affecting tribal communities. The Rampa Rebellion is important in this context.

In the Tebhaga Movement, sharecroppers wanted to keep two-thirds of the produce. Link it with peasant struggle in Bengal.

The Punnapra-Vayalar struggle was linked with political unrest in Travancore. Remember it among popular struggles before independence.

The Kayyur incident was linked with the background of peasant and left movements. Study it under rural movements of Kerala.

The Moplah struggle was also connected with tenancy and landlord relations. Understand it through the socio-economic background of Malabar.

Govind Guru was linked with Bhil resistance and Mangarh. Connect him with tribal awakening in western India.

Motilal Tejawat was linked with the Eki Movement among Bhil peasants. Connect it with tribal-peasant resistance in Rajasthan and Gujarat.

General Dyer ordered the firing at Jallianwala Bagh. Link it with the background of protests against the Rowlatt Act.

The direct answer is D: the Hunter Commission was appointed to inquire into the Jallianwala Bagh incident. On 13 April 1919, troops under General Reginald Dyer fired on a large crowd at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar. The British government later appointed the Disorders Inquiry Committee, commonly called the Hunter Commission, to investigate the disturbances and the action at Amritsar. A is wrong because the Simon Commission was linked to constitutional reforms and arrived later. B is wrong because the Indigo Commission concerned indigo cultivators and plantation grievances. C is wrong because the Lee Commission dealt with public services, not this massacre. D is correct. Exam cue: Jallianwala Bagh, 1919, Hunter Commission.

The direct answer is A: the slogan “Simon Go Back” was associated with the protest against the Simon Commission. The commission was appointed by the British government in 1927 to examine constitutional reforms in India, but it had no Indian member. Indians therefore saw it as insulting and exclusionary. When it arrived in 1928, people demonstrated and shouted this slogan. B is wrong because the Dandi March was Gandhi’s 1930 salt-law protest. C is wrong because the Vellore Mutiny occurred in 1806. D is wrong because Tebhaga was a Bengal sharecroppers’ movement in the 1940s. A is correct. Memory cue: Simon Commission equals Simon Go Back, especially 1928 protests.

Naujawan Bharat Sabha was linked with Bhagat Singh's revolutionary activities. Connect it with political awareness among youth.

Anushilan Samiti was connected with revolutionary activities in Bengal. Remember it among militant nationalist organizations.

Abhinav Bharat was a revolutionary organization associated with Vinayak Damodar Savarkar. Link it with the revolutionary current in Maharashtra.

Pagri Sambhal Jatta was linked with Punjab peasants' opposition to colonial agrarian laws. Remember it under peasant movements.

Ajit Singh was among the main leaders of the Pagri Sambhal Jatta movement. It increased political awareness among Punjab peasants.

Under the Tinkathia system, peasants were forced to grow indigo on part of their land. Remember it as the key cause of Champaran Satyagraha.

The direct answer is D: detention without trial. The Rowlatt Act of 1919 allowed the colonial government to arrest and detain suspected political opponents without a normal public trial. This removed important legal protection and was viewed as unjust and repressive, which caused widespread opposition and helped lead to mass protest. Option D is correct because detention without trial was the Act’s most notorious harsh power. Option A is wrong because the Act had nothing to do with making salt free. Option B is wrong because it did not give land to peasants. Option C is wrong because its purpose was repression, not organising elections. Exam cue: Rowlatt Act means arrest and detention without trial.

The Quit India resolution was passed in Bombay in 1942. Link it with Gowalia Tank Maidan and Do or Die.

Aruna Asaf Ali was associated with hoisting the flag during the Quit India Movement. Remember her with the mass movement of 1942.

Prarthana Samaj was connected with social and religious reforms. Remember it under reform movements of Maharashtra.

The INA trials strengthened public feelings of national unity and freedom. Link them with the final phase of the freedom struggle.

Rani Chennamma opposed the attempted annexation of Kittur. Remember her as an early woman leader of resistance in South India.