The Satpura Mountains lie south of which river valley?

Correct answer: Narmada Valley

The governing concept is the relative arrangement of the Vindhya and Satpura ranges around the Narmada River. The Narmada flows through a rift valley, with the Vindhya Range generally to its north and the Satpura Range to its south. Consequently, the Satpura Mountains lie south of the Narmada Valley, making option D correct. The Ganga, Brahmaputra, and Yamuna valleys belong to northern river systems and do not form the immediate geographic reference for Satpura. A useful memory aid is: Narmada in the middle, Vindhya to the north, and Satpura to the south. This spatial relationship is more precise than merely memorising isolated names.