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SubjectsGeneral Knowledge
सांस्कृतिक विरासत
This Class 10 General Knowledge topic explores India’s cultural heritage as part of Art and Culture. Students learn how monuments, paintings, sculpture, music, dance, literature, festivals, crafts, languages and traditional practices reflect the country’s history and diverse communities. The topic also introduces the importance of preserving heritage, recognising regional contributions and understanding how cultural traditions continue to shape Indian identity in the modern world.
Correct answer: C. 1959
Explanation: The National School of Drama (NSD) was established in 1959 under the Sangeet Natak Akademi. Therefore, 1959 is the correct answer. The year 1961 is associated with NSD becoming an autonomous institution, not with its establishment. For exams, link NSD with theatre training and 1959.
Correct answer: C. 1982
Explanation: Bharat Bhavan, Bhopal, was inaugurated in 1982. It is a multi-arts centre established by the Government of Madhya Pradesh and is known for activities related to visual arts, theatre, literature and folk arts. While 1980 may be associated with its establishment process, the inauguration year is 1982. Exam tip: Remember Bharat Bhavan with Bhopal and 1982.
Correct answer: C. 1986
Explanation: Apna Utsav was a national cultural programme that showcased Indian folk and traditional arts, and it began in 1986. Therefore, option C is correct. Although 1984 and 1988 are plausible years, neither is the launch year of this programme. Exam tip: Memorise the names of major cultural programmes together with their starting years.
Correct answer: C. 1980s
Explanation: The Zonal Cultural Centres scheme began in the 1980s, with the centres being established from 1985. Its purpose was to promote and preserve regional folk arts, traditions, and cultural heritage. The 1990s came later, so it is not the correct decade. Exam tip: Remember this scheme with the year 1985 and the 1980s.
Correct answer: C. 1986
Explanation: The North Central Zone Cultural Centre, Allahabad (now Prayagraj), was established in 1986. It promotes folk arts, traditions, and cultural activities of the northern region. Although 1985 is a nearby year, the correct establishment year is 1986. Exam tip: Memorise the establishment years of zonal cultural centres together with their locations.
Correct answer: B. 1986
Explanation: The South Zone Cultural Centre (SZCC), Thanjavur, was established in 1986. It is associated with preserving and promoting the diverse folk and classical cultural traditions of South India. 1982 is a plausible nearby year but is incorrect. Exam tip: Memorise cultural centres along with their establishment years.
Correct answer: B. 1985
Explanation: The Eastern Zonal Cultural Centre (EZCC), Kolkata, was established in 1985. It works to preserve and promote the folk arts, music, dance, and cultural traditions of eastern India. Although 1986 is a close and plausible distractor, the correct establishment year is 1985. Exam tip: Learn the names of zonal cultural centres along with their headquarters and establishment years.
Correct answer: B. 1986
Explanation: The West Zone Cultural Centre (WZCC), Udaipur, was established in 1986. It is associated with the preservation and promotion of folk arts, traditions, and cultural activities of western India. Although 1987 is a close distractor, the correct establishment year is 1986. Exam tip: Learn the establishment year and location of major cultural centres together.
Correct answer: A. 1986
Explanation: The South Central Zone Cultural Centre (SCZCC), Nagpur, was established in 1986. It was set up under the Government of India’s zonal cultural centre scheme to preserve and promote folk and traditional arts. Although 1987 may seem close, it is not the establishment year. Exam tip: Memorise cultural centres together with their establishment years.
Correct answer: C. 1987
Explanation: The Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (IGNCA) was established by the Government of India in 1987. It is a major institution for the study, preservation and documentation of Indian arts, culture and heritage. 1985 was not the year of its establishment. Exam tip: Remember IGNCA with 1987 and as a national arts and culture institution in New Delhi.
Correct answer: C. 2017
Explanation: The National Mission on Cultural Mapping was launched in 2017. It aims to digitally document and map India’s artists, art forms, cultural institutions, and other cultural resources. Although 2016 is a close distractor, it was not the launch year of this mission. For exams, remember it as a Ministry of Culture initiative for digitally recording cultural heritage.
Correct answer: C. 2017
Explanation: Kumbh Mela was inscribed in 2017 on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. It is a living religious and cultural tradition, so it should not be confused with UNESCO’s World Heritage List for physical sites and monuments. Exam tip: remember the association Kumbh Mela—UNESCO intangible heritage—2017.
Correct answer: C. 2021
Explanation: Durga Puja was inscribed in 2021 on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The recognition relates particularly to Kolkata’s Durga Puja, known for its community celebration, art, craft and cultural participation. 2019 is incorrect because Durga Puja was not added to the list that year. Exam tip: Learn the year along with the Indian cultural festival recognised by UNESCO.
Correct answer: D. 2023
Explanation: Garba was inscribed in 2023 on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. It is a major traditional dance of Gujarat, especially associated with Navratri. The year 2022 is incorrect because Garba was not inscribed that year. Exam tip: remember the link Garba—Gujarat—2023.
Correct answer: C. 2016
Explanation: Yoga was inscribed on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2016. The inscription recognised India’s tradition and practice of yoga at the global level. 2015 is a close distractor because the first International Day of Yoga was observed that year, but UNESCO inscription took place in 2016. Exam tip: remember International Day of Yoga—21 June 2015; UNESCO inscription—2016.
Correct answer: B. 2009
Explanation: Nowruz was inscribed in 2009 on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity through a multinational nomination that included India. The year 2016 relates to an extension of the multinational file, not to the original inscription. Exam tip: Remember 2009 as the year of Nowruz’s original UNESCO listing.
Correct answer: B. 2008
Explanation: Ramlila was inscribed on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2008. It is a traditional performance based on the Ramayana. Do not confuse this with 2005, when Ramlila was proclaimed a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity; it entered the Representative List in 2008. Exam tip: remember 2005 for proclamation and 2008 for inscription on the list.
Correct answer: B. 2003
Explanation: UNESCO proclaimed Vedic chanting in 2003 as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. It was later inscribed on the Representative List in 2008, so 2008 is a close but incorrect option for the year of proclamation asked here. Exam tip: Remember 2003 for proclamation and 2008 for inscription on the Representative List.
Correct answer: B. 1989
Explanation: The National Museum Institute was granted deemed university status in 1989. It is associated with higher studies in art history, conservation, and museology. Years such as 1992 and 1995 do not refer to the grant of this status. Exam tip: Remember 1989 along with the institute’s work in art conservation and museology.
Correct answer: B. 2003
Explanation: The National Mission for Manuscripts was launched in 2003. It works to survey, document, conserve, and improve access to India’s manuscript heritage. The year 2005 was not its launch year. For exams, associate the mission with preservation and cataloguing of manuscripts.
Correct answer: C. 2000s
Explanation: Indian digital-library initiatives such as the Digital Library of India (DLI) became especially prominent in the 2000s because of large-scale digitisation and online access to books. Hence, the 2000s is correct. Digital access expanded further in the 2010s, but the project gained major recognition in the 2000s. Exam tip: associate DLI with large-scale book digitisation in India during the 2000s.
Correct answer: B. 1996
Explanation: The National Culture Fund was established in 1996. It promotes governmental and non-governmental cooperation for the conservation and promotion of cultural heritage. The years 2003 and 2014 are later years and are not its year of establishment. Exam tip: remember the National Culture Fund with 1996 and heritage conservation.
Correct answer: C. 2019
Explanation: The Indian Culture Portal was launched in 2019. It is a digital initiative that provides access to India’s art, culture, heritage, museums, and other cultural resources. 2017 is not the launch year of this portal. Exam tip: Memorise launch years of major culture and digital-heritage initiatives separately.
Correct answer: A. Museums
Explanation: The Museum Grant Scheme supports the development and modernisation of museums, including the conservation and display of cultural and historical objects. Archaeological excavations are also linked with heritage, but they are not the main focus of this museum grant scheme. Exam tip: associate museum-related schemes with culture, heritage conservation, and display facilities.
Correct answer: A. Training and preservation of traditional arts
Explanation: The Guru Shishya Parampara scheme concerns the training, preservation, and promotion of traditional arts. Under this approach, gurus impart practical training in folk and classical art forms to disciples, helping transmit cultural heritage. Space technology development is the work of scientific institutions, so option B is not correct. Exam tip: Associate the term “guru-shishya” with culture, arts, and traditional training.
